Yoohoo! A Theatre Warm-up

This theatre game is an energizing warm-up for use in Theatre Class or with any group that could use a shift in energy! Theatre Skills Taking Cues, Cooperation, Cooperative Movement, Ensemble Playing, Remaining Frozen and Silent Materials Reproduce a copy of the list of cues provided below. Directions/Modeling the Process Ask all participants to stand in an open area and then teach them the following lines: Leader: Yoo-hoo! Group: Yoo-hoo who? Leader: You who†¦ Explain that you as the leader will cue them with words that suggest movements or characters and movements, like this: Leader: You who sneak like thieves. Then the whole group rhythmically repeats the last word in a whisper six times as they move as indicated and then say â€Å"Freeze† and freeze in place: Group: â€Å"Thieves, thieves, thieves, thieves, thieves, thieves, freeze!† The leader then cues the next movement: Leader: Yoo-hoo! Group: Yoo-hoo who? Leader: You who jump with ropes. Group: Ropes, ropes, ropes, ropes, ropes, ropes, freeze! Practice Do a few practice rounds until the participants get the call-and-response lines down and move in rhythm, freezing at the appropriate place: Leader: Yoo-hoo!Group: Yoo-hoo who?Leader: You who move like robots.Group: Robots, robots, robots, robots, robots, robots, freeze!Leader: Yoo-hoo!Group: Yoo-hoo who?Leader: You who style hair.Group: Hair, hair, hair, hair, hair, hair, freeze! Teaching Tips It is best if this warm-up can maintain a rhythm in both speech and movements so that it moves quickly. This is why the â€Å"whisper† and â€Å"freeze† aspects of the activity are important. The whispering of the final word in the cue will help to control the noise level. The â€Å"freeze† at the end of each movement section will stop the previous action and prepare participants to listen for a new cue. Having a copy of the list of cues is important so that the leader does not have to think up movement ideas on the spot. Of course, this list can be increased with new ideas, but here is a set of cues to start with: List of Cues You who†¦ †¦bloom like flowers. †¦crawl like babies. †¦sway like palm trees. †¦splash like waves. †¦soar like birds. †¦move like boxers. †¦dance ballet. †¦swirl like tornadoes. †¦walk on tightropes. †¦move like toddlers. †¦swim through water. †¦move like a sharks. †¦play basketball. †¦float like clouds. †¦practice yoga. †¦move like monkeys. †¦dance the hula. †¦figure skate. †¦perform surgery. †¦ski down mountains. †¦run in races. †¦bake a cake. †¦conduct an orchestra. †¦walk like brides. †¦sing in operas. †¦move like royalty. †¦wait on tables. †¦do gymnastics. †¦lift weights. †¦clean houses. †¦row boats. †¦ride horses. †¦paint nails. †¦ride skateboards. †¦wear high heels. †¦drive race cars. †¦ride a bike. †¦play hop scotch. †¦paint a house. †¦walk in mud. †¦reach and stretch. †¦rush to class. †¦taste new food. †¦water ski. †¦take selfies. †¦dance at parties. †¦lead the cheers. †¦throw the ball. †¦sing too loud. †¦take big steps. †¦gaze at stars. Using the Warm-Up in Connection with Curriculum Once the participants understand the format of this theatre game, you can adjust it to apply to an area of study. For example, if you are reading Macbeth, your cues could be: You who†¦ †¦prophesize. †¦long for power. †¦plan and plot. †¦murder kings. †¦see a ghost. †¦rub out spots. Add new cues and save them for future uses of this warm-up. And if you like Yoohoo, you might also like Circle Tableau Game.

The Ford Production Of Ford Pinto - 994 Words

The Ford automobile company began producing the Ford Pinto line up in 1968. The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) at the time of the pinto production was Lee Iacocca. The reason for the decision to mass produce the pinto in a short amount of time is because American automobiles were losing market share to smaller Japanese imports. Lee Iacocca wanted his engineers to design and manufacture a compact car that weighed less than 2,000 pounds and cost less than 2,000 dollars. Because of this monumental task from Lee Iacocca, that meant the ford pinto automobile would have to be built within 25 months instead of the typical 43 months. There are many safety test that is mandated by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration before a vehicle†¦show more content†¦The savings from not installing the baffle was $20.9 million dollars. The Ford Motor Company’s reputation also suffered. From a utilitarian theory, the Ford Motor Company focus on damage arising from this decision of money and nothing else. Money is seen as value by the Ford Motor Company, so by losing money by law suites and protecting the Ford Motor Company employees outweigh the collateral damage the Ford Pintos line up imposes. Jeremy Bentham brings to light the pleasure and pain aspect of what the decision would bring. In this case the Ford Motor Company expresses that the money saved from the recall brings more pleasure to the most amount of people. The money being saved is obviously from not installing the baffle between the gas tank and rear bumper. The consumer will also save money by the Ford Motor Company not issuing a recall. If the Ford Motor Company issued a recall, then the price of the Ford Pinto would be more than what was stated thus maybe making it not comparable to other cars in its class. You must also consider the pain that this decision creates. Because the Ford Motor Company refused to issue a recall to install the baffle between the gas tank and the bumper, it has cr eated pain and suffering to those who were affected by rear-end collision injuries. You have to consider the Ford Motor Company’s reputation after they made the decision to not recall the Ford Pinto toShow MoreRelatedThe Production Of The Ford Pinto1266 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ford Pinto The automotive industry is one of the largest and most important industries in the world, employing over 9 million people directly and producing over 80 million vehicles, accounting for over 5% of the world’s total manufacturing employment per year. An industry that began in the 1890s, it has experienced astounding growth during the 20th and early 21st century. It is an industry characterized by fierce competition and low margins. 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Organizational Structure free essay sample

It is also, measured by the number of branch offices and employees, the second largest bank in the world. The bank was established in 1806 as Bank of Calcutta. It is the oldest commercial bank in the Indian Subcontinent. The Government of India nationalised SBI in 1955 with the Reserve Bank of India having a 60% stake. SBI provides a range of banking products through its vast network in India and overseas, including products aimed at NRIs. With an asset base of $126 billion and its reach, it is a regional banking behemoth. SBI has laid emphasis on reducing the huge manpower through Golden handshake schemes and computerizing its operations. The Bank has also been unsuccessfully trying to improve service quality through a programme called Parivartan or Change. After a 20 year hiatus the Bank will be recruiting 20000 clerks and 3500 officers. [citation needed] So far, more than 2. 4 million have applied. Contents [hide] †¢1 History †¢2 Associate banks †¢3 Growth †¢4 Group companies †¢5 See also [edit] History The roots of the State Bank of India rest in the first decade of 19th century, when the Bank of Calcutta, later renamed the Bank of Bengal, was established on 2 June 1806. Facebook was set up to allow for people just to communicate with one another over the internet and to keep in contact with people that you do not see that often. As things progressed Facebook has become one of the most well-known social media websites out today. Without proper organizational skills then Facebook would not be able to allow all of the advertising spots that they do and would not be as well-known to businesses as they are now. Facebook developed over time to become the top advertising businesses out in the world today and a while back MySpace used to be one of Facebook’s competitors, but with the lack of interaction from businesses Facebook eventually took over having more and more to offer. MySpace was set up to do the same as Facebook but MySpace did nothing but allow people to stay in contact with one another and was mainly friendly with people only who brought them no money and a major lack of businesses appeal. After a while Facebook opened themselves to businesses to go along with the regular amount of friendly communication between people. Businesses took advantage of this opening and corresponded with Facebook to allow businesses to make friends with the people that keep up with them (Meg, 2008). Twitter is another organization that allows for all the same things, but at the same time twitter is more based upon the fact that you can post a status and people can actually track you and keep up with your status knowing what you are doing. Twitter does not really have a business like appeal because there is only advertising while you are on the site and unless you are updating your status there is nothing to do on Twitter so there is no reason to stay logged in. When you log into Facebook you can change your status, see all your friends’ status updates that have happened, there are advertisements on both sides of the screen, there are games to play, and you can find your favorite businesses and talk to their representative’s about what is going on in the business. It allows you to keep up with what is new in the business world. Facebook has a lot of different organizational functions that it goes through and that it lives by. Facebook allows for massive amounts of marketing through advertising, and by allow for the games that are on Facebook (Whyte, 2012). Facebook has many different types of financial stability that allows for them to continue running and these are marketing, businesses pay a good amount to Facebook that is a stable income. Along with the businesses paying them just for their advertising Facebook has a good amount of games that are offered to everyone and these games vary so that everyone has their different types of games that they may like. People are constantly watching what is going on, on Facebook and they have to, to make sure that everything continues to run smoothly, no matter what is going on Facebook stays up, and running. These human resources allows for Facebook to not go down because when a business goes down for just a little bit it can hurt them dramatically and start to make their investors questions their stability (Whyte, 2012). To me Facebook has a Functional structure because each employee and business that runs through Facebook has his or her own set skills and tasks that he or she has to use to get his or her part of his or  her job done. Facebook does not only have a Functional structure but also the organizational design is Functional as well. Facebook is a very stable organization that will continue to run for a very long time, they will continue to be strong, and very well-known not only to people but also to businesses all over the world. Facebook employees each have their own set tasks that they have to complete in the business and if they do not make sure that they get each of their set tasks done then there will be issues with their department and Facebook cannot allow for any of their departments to run into issues. Not only do the employees have their own set jobs that they have to complete but also the businesses that do their advertising through Facebook have to make sure that they information that they are giving to Facebook stays up-to-date and the right advertisements gets used in the proper spots and that their advertisements are correct. Without all of this being done then things could get mixed up and there could end up being issues throughout the entire website and that would do nothing but cause Facebook to fail (Meg, 2008). Every business has its own Structure that is must follow so that it can be successful, their structure is not something that they pick, but it happens to be something that eventually grows over time and becomes their foundation of how the work (Corkindale, 2011). Without organizational structure and organizational design then an organization would not be considered an organization because a true honest Organization is something that is built over time, it may start out as a small business that someone had a dream to start, it had the right management, and the right dreams to grow and grow. When you manage a business the right way and make sure that everything that happens in the business is for the sake of the business the organization structure is developed and the business becomes an organization (Corkindale, 2011). Conclusion The main focused purpose of this organization structure paper was to select two organizations such as Facebook and MySpace. I compared and contrasted the differences of their organizational structures. I also addressed and evaluated their organizational functions that made and determined their organizational structures. I elaborated and explained their organizational design and how these organizations have influenced society especially in the social media world. As we all knew today modern world, every single person has either a Facebook or MySpace account and spend numerous hours online talking, chatting, socializing, staying connected to friends and families, and networking with other work related colleagues or school projects. This has tremendously enhanced communication effectiveness and time limitation.

Virgin Essay Example

Virgin Essay 289 CASE EXAMPLE The Virgin Group Aidan McQuade Introduction The Virgin Group is one of the UK’s largest private companies. The group included, in 2006, 63 businesses as diverse as airlines, health clubs, music stores and trains. The group included Virgin Galactic, which promised to take paying passengers into sub-orbital space. The personal image and personality of the founder, Richard Branson, were highly bound up with those of the company. Branson’s taste for publicity has led him to stunts as diverse as appearing as a cockney street trader in the US comedy Friends, to attempting a non-stop balloon flight around the world. This has certainly contributed to the definition and recognisability of the brand. Research has showed that the Virgin name was associated with words such as ‘fun’, ‘innovative’, ‘daring’ and ‘successful’. In 2006 Branson announced plans to invest $3bn (A2. 4bn; ? 1. 7bn) in renewable energy. Virgin, through its partnership with a cable company NTL, also undertook an expansion into media challenging publicly the way NewsCorp operated in the UK and the effects on British democracy. The nature and scale of both these initiatives suggests that Branson’s taste for his brand of business remains undimmed. Origins and activities Virgin was founded in 1970 as a mail order record business and developed as a private company in music publishing and retailing. In 1986 the company was floated on the stock exchange with a turnover of ? 250m (A362. 5m). However, Branson became tired of the public listing obligations: he resented making presentations in the City to people whom, he believed, did not understand the business. The pressure to create short-term profit, especially as the share price began to fall, was the final straw: Branson decided to take the business back into private ownership and the shares were bought back at the original offer price. We will write a custom essay sample on Virgin specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Virgin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Virgin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The name Virgin was chosen to represent the idea of the company being a virgin in every business it entered. Branson has said that: ‘The brand is the single most important asset that we have; our ultimate objective is to establish it as a major global name. ’ This does not mean that Virgin underestimates the importance of understanding the businesses that it is branding. Referring to his intent to set up a ‘green’ energy company producing ethanol and cellulosic ethanol fuels in competition with the oil industry, he said, ‘We’re a slightly unusual company in that we go into industries we know nothing about and immerse ourselves. Virgin’s expansion had often been through joint ventures whereby Virgin provided the brand and its partner provided the majority of capital. For example, the Virgin Group’s move into clothing and cosmetics required an initial outlay of only ? 1,000, whilst its partner, Victory Corporation, invested ? 20m. Wi th Virgin Mobile, Virgin built a business by forming partnerships with existing wireless operators to sell services under the Virgin brand name. The carriers’ competences lay in network management. Virgin set out to differentiate itself by offering innovative This case was updated and revised by Aidan McQuade, University of Strathclyde Graduate School of Business, based upon work by Urmilla Lawson. Photo: Steve Bell/Rex Features 290 CHAPTER 7 STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS AND CORPORATE-LEVEL STRATEGY services. Although it did not operate its own network, Virgin won an award for the best wireless operator in the UK. Virgin Fuels appears to be somewhat different in that Virgin is putting up the capital and using the Virgin brand to attract attention to the issues and possibilities that the technology offers. In 2005 Virgin announced the establishment of a ‘quadruple play’ media company providing television, broadband, fixed-line and mobile communications through the merger of Branson’s UK mobile interests with the UK’s two cable companies. This Virgin company would have 9 million direct customers, 1. 5 million more than BSkyB, and so have the financial capacity to compete with BSkyB for premium content such as sports and movies. 1 Virgin tried to expand this business further by making an offer for ITV. This was rejected as undervaluing the company and then undermined further with the purchase of an 18 per cent share of ITV by BSkyB. This prompted Branson to call on regulators to force BSkyB to reduce or dispose of its stake citing concerns that BSkyB would have material influence over the free-to-air broadcaster. 2 Virgin has been described as a ‘keiretsu’ organisation – a structure of loosely linked, autonomous units run by self-managed teams that use a common brand name. Branson argued that, as he expanded, he would rather sacrifice short-term profits for long-term growth of the various businesses. Some commentators have argued that Virgin had become an endorsement brand that could not always offer real expertise to the businesses with which it was associated. However, Will Whitehorn, Director of Corporate Affairs for Virgin, stated, ‘At Virgin we know what the brand means and when we put our brand name on something we are making a promise. ’ Branson saw Virgin adding value in three main ways, aside from the brand. These were their public relations and marketing skills; its experience with greenfield start-ups; and Virgin’s understanding of the opportunities presented by ‘institutionalised’ markets. Virgin saw an ‘institutionalised’ market as one dominated by few competitors, not giving good value to customers because they had become either inefficient or preoccupied with each other. Virgin believed it did well when it identified such complacency and offered more for less. The entry into fuel and media industries certainly conforms to the model of trying to shake up ‘institutionalised’ markets. Corporate rationale In 2006 Virgin still lacked the trappings of a typical multinational. Branson described the Virgin Group as ‘a branded venture capital house’. 3 There was no ‘group’ as such; financial results were not consolidated either for external examination or, so Virgin claimed, for internal use. Its website described Virgin as a family rather than a hierarchy. Its financial operations were managed from Geneva. In 2006 Branson explained the basis upon which he considered opportunities: they have to be global in scope, enhance the brand, be worth doing and have an expectation of a reasonable return on investment. 4 Each business was ‘ring-fenced’, so that lenders to one company had no rights over the assets of another. The ring-fencing seems also to relate not just to provision of financial protection, but also to a business ethics aspect. In an interview in 2006 Branson cricitised supermarkets for selling cheap CDs. His criticism centred on the supermarkets’ use of loss leading on CDs damaging music retailers rather than fundamentally challenging the way music retailers do business. Branson has made it a central feature of Virgin that it shakes up institutionalised markets by being innovative. Loss leading is not an innovative approach. Virgin has evolved from being almost wholly comprised of private companies to a group where some of the companies are publicly listed. Virgin and Branson Historically, the Virgin Group had been controlled mainly by Branson and his trusted lieutenants, many of whom had stayed with him for more than 20 years. The increasing conformity between personal interest and business initiatives could be discerned in the establishment of Virgin Fuels. In discussing his efforts to establish a ‘green’ fuel company in competition with the oil industry Branson made the geopolitical observation that non-oil-based fuels could ‘avoid another Middle East war one day’; Branson’s opposition to the Second Gulf War is well publicised. In some instances the relationship between personal conviction and business interests is less clear cut. Branson’s comments on the threat to British democracy posed by NewsCorp’s ownership of such a large percentage of the British media could be depicted as either genuine concern from a public figure or sour grapes from a business rival just been beaten out of purchasing ITV. More r ecently Branson has been reported as talking about withdrawing from the business ‘which THE VIRGIN GROUP 291 more or less ran itself now’,6 and hoping that his son Sam might become more of a Virgin figurehead. However, while he was publicly contemplating this withdrawal from business, Branson was also launching his initiatives in media and fuel. Perhaps Branson’s idea of early retirement is somewhat more active than most. Corporate performance By 2006 Virgin had, with mixed results, taken on one established industry after another in an effort to shake up ‘fat and complacent business sectors’. It had further set its sights on the British media sector and the global oil industry. Airlines clearly were an enthusiasm of Branson’s. According to Branson, Virgin Atlantic, which was 49 per cent owned by Singapore Airways, was a company that he would not sell outright: ‘There are some businesses you preserve, which wouldn’t ever be sold, and that’s one. ’ Despite some analysts’ worries that airline success could not be sustained given the ‘cyclical’ nature of the business, Branson maintained a strong interest in the industry, and included airline businesses such as Virgin Express (European), Virgin Blue (Australia) and Virgin Nigeria in the group. Branson’s engagement with the search for ‘greener’ fuels and reducing global warming had not led him to ground his fleets. but rather to prompt a debate on measures to reduce carbon emissions from aeroplanes. At the beginning of the twenty-first century the most public problem faced by Branson was Virgin Trains, whose Cross Country and West Coast lines were ranked 23rd and 24th out of 25 train-operating franchises according to the Strategic Rail Authority’s Review in 2000. By 2002 Virgin Trains was reporting profits and paid its first premium to the British government. xperience with any one of the product lines may shun all the others’. However, Virgin argues that its brand research indicates that people who have had a bad experience will blame that particular Virgin company or product but will be willing to use other Virgin products or services, due to the very diversity of the brand. Such brand confidence helps explain why Virgin should even conte mplate such risky and protracted turnaround challenges as its rail company. Sarah Sands recounts that Branson’s mother ‘once proudly boasted that her son would become Prime Minster’. Sands futher commented that she thought his mother underestimated his ambition. 10 With Virgin’s entry into fuel and media and Branson’s declarations that he is taking on the oil corporations and NewsCorp, Sands may ultimately prove to have been precient in her comment. Notes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Sunday Telegraph, 4 December (2005). Independent, 22 November (2006). Hawkins (2001a, b). PR Newswire Europe, 16 October (2006). Fortune, 6 February (2006). Independent on Sunday, 26 November (2006). Ibid. The Times 1998, quoted in Vignali (2001). Wells (2000). Independent on Sunday, 26 November (2006). Sources: The Economist, ‘Cross his heart’, 5 October (2002); ‘Virgin on the ridiculous’, 29 May (2003); ‘Virgin Rail: tilting too far’, 12 July (2001). P. McCosker, ‘Stretching the brand: a review of the Virgin Group’, European Case Clearing House, 2000. The Times, ‘Virgin push to open up US aviation market’, 5 June (2002); ‘Branson plans $1bn US expansion’, 30 April (2002). Observer, ‘Branson eyes 31bn float for Virgin Mobile’, 18 January (2004). Strategic Direction, ‘Virgin Flies High with Brand Extensions’, vol. 18, no. 10, (October 2002). R. Hawkins, ‘Executive of Virgin Group outlines corporate strategy’ Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News, July 29 (2001a). R. Hawkins, ‘Branson in new dash for cash’, Sunday Business, 29 July (2001b); South China Morning Post, ‘Virgin shapes kangaroo strategy aid liberalisation talks between Hong Kong and Australia will determine carrier’s game-plan’, 28 June (2002). C. Vignali, ‘Virgin Cola’, British Food Journal, vol. 103, no. 2 (2001), pp. 31–139. M. Wells, ‘Red Baron’, Forbes Magazine, vol. 166, no. 1, 7 March (2000). The future The beginning of the twenty-first century also saw further expansion by Virgin, from airlines, spa finance and mobile telecoms in Africa, into telecoms in Europe, and into the USA. The public flotation of individual businesses rather than the group as a whole has become an intrinsic part of the ‘juggling’ of finances that underpins Virgin’s expansion. Some commentators have identified a risk with Virgin’s approach: ‘The greatest threat [is] that . . Virgin brand . . . may become associated with failure. ’8 This point was emphasised by a commentator9 who noted that ‘a customer who has a bad enough Questions 1 What is the corporate rationale of Virgin as a group of companies? 2 Are there any relationships of a strategic nature between businesses within the Virgin portfolio? 3 How does the Virgin Group, as a corporate parent, add value to its businesses? 4 What were the main issues facing the Virgin Group at the end of the case and how should they be tackled?

Post-Civil War Law essays

Post-Civil War Law essays Post-Civil War Law: Who Did It Benefit? For most Americans today, the law is a static entity, something which, from day to day, does not cross our minds because of its relatively fixed position. Theoretically, the law protects all Americans equally, regardless of race, ethnicity, or class, and is the tool of just and impartial lawmakers who represent us in Congress. The judiciary, both at the state and federal levels, serves as the interpreters of the law, supposedly wielding little power in influencing state and national policy. That is the theory. Following the Civil War, the United States was a country in turmoil, having narrowly averted the secession of eleven states and now faced with the prospect of integrating those states back into the Union. From 1860, the beginning of the Civil War, to 1920, the beginning of the first World War, American society changed drastically with the integration of the freedman and the Industrial Revolution, and the law changed with it. Unfortunately, during this time American law was influenced heavily by a handful of elites who used the law to their benefit while hampering the efforts of minorities to succeed. This influence on American law had profound effects on minorities in two areas: race and ethnicity; and economic and social class. Cases such as Plessy v. Ferguson and Welton v. Missouri are prime examples of how the elites during this time used law to discriminate against large minorities, whether they be blacks or small business owners, in order to stay on top of the American class system. After the emancipation of the slaves following the end of the Civil War, The U.S. government attempted to rectify the problem of discrimination against blacks through the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1875. It stated that, "all persons within the jurisdiction of the United States shall be entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of the accommodations, advantages, facilities, and p...

A Comparison Of Luhrmans and Zeffirellis film Versions Of Romeo And Juliet Essays

A Comparison Of Luhrmans and Zeffirellis film Versions Of Romeo And Juliet Essays A Comparison Of Luhrmans and Zeffirellis film Versions Of Romeo And Juliet Essay A Comparison Of Luhrmans and Zeffirellis film Versions Of Romeo And Juliet Essay Essay Topic: To Build a Fire I am comparing Franco Zeffirellis version of Romeo and Juliet, which was produced in 1968 and has won several academy awards. One critic stated His film has become the definitive version in high school classrooms across the country.I am also reviewing Baz Luhrmans Romeo + Juliet. This was produced in 1995. What can you say about a version of Shakespeare that ends with a helicopter chase? As you would imagine it is a much more modern version than Zeffirellis. I am going to review 2 parts of each of the films and try and come to a conclusion to show which is better and why. The scenes I will be reviewing are the opening scenes and the party scenes.Both films are based on Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet but each portrays the play in a completely different way. Zeffirellis version was rated a PG although there are scenes including nudity. Luhrmans was rated a 12. I imagine this is because so of the violence throughout and the fact that guns were often used and scene s such as Mercutios death scene which is gory and gruesome.Luhrmans opening scene starts with a television in the middle of the screen. The television is showing a black American woman saying the original Shakespeare prologue as if it was a news report. As the camera zooms in the audience can see in the background there is a broken ring with Star Crossed Lovers below it. The dialogue is fast and quite a high tone. A narrator then repeats the prologue. This time the voice is a deeper tone and slightly slower. It is spoken in a way that is slightly threatening and hints at the fact there will be evil in the film.As the scene moves on there is also text on the screen as the prologue is being read. It is certain parts of the prologue such as A pair of star-crossed lovers take their life which really emphasises certain things that become a lot more obvious in the play. The characters also appear on screen with their name next to them. There is also text to tell the audience how each char acter is related to either Romeo or Juliet. The camera is constantly panning from side to side. As soon as you see the title you get a hint of religion and race from the cross between Romeo and Juliet. The same cross also appears on the screen when the words Take Their Lives. The T on Take is shown as a cross, which again emphasises the religion and race throughout the film.The camera zooms in on a crowded city, gradually slowing down and flowing into quick flashes of important parts of the play across the screen, making a big montage of hint giving shots. In the background is some very dramatic, loud, and exciting music as shots of flames, chaos, helicopters, fireworks, police, and guns shoot onto screen. There are also shots of two tall office buildings, one with Montague on it and the other with Capulet on it and shots of newspaper articles with titles such as Capulat vs. Montague and Star crossed lovers.The shots of the buildings and newspapers are an extremely strong hint of co nflict between Capulet and Montague and a story of love and hate. Each frame lasts less than a second. This fast editing and use of dramatic music really gets your heart beating and makes you want to watch on and find out why all these images were included in the opening scene. Luhrman also uses bright lighting to really get the film going. The images show that there is going to be police involved and the flames and the chaos hint at some traumatic events. The fireworks also hint at the fact there may be a party and that it is going to be a lively and exiting film.Zeffirellis opening scene is very different from Luhrmans. It starts with a male narrator speaking slowly at a constant tone with little emotion in his voice. The words spoken are exactly the same as Shakespeares original prologue. The dialogue sounds quite sad and romantic, which gives a hint of romance in the film. The camera is paused on a birds eye view of a foggy village. There is lots of natural light as the sun slow ly breaks through the fog. The camera editing is much slower than Luhrmans.It then breaks into a long shot of the historic looking city with slow classical music in the background. The music has no lyrics and hints at a romantic film. The city looks very old and historic. This gives the impression of how a city would have looked in Shakespeares time. Unlike Luhrmans, Zeffirellis has no sound effects or people in the opening scene. The lighting is also a lot dimmer and less modern than Luhrmans. The text in Zeffirellis is in an old fashioned style and it just states the name of the play and characters. This has a much lesser effect than Luhrmans text does.The camera shots are a lot longer and therefore show a slow, romantic, and love filled film. The slow constant tone of the narrator and slow editing techniques are a lot less exciting and intriguing than Luhrmans.Both Luhrmans and Zeffirellis techniques are used throughout each of their films, each giving a strong impression of the directors style.Luhrmans party scene, like his opening scene is modern, bright, loud, and very entertaining with use of fast editing mixed with slow, long shots and fast modern music.The party scene starts with a big display of fireworks that gets the audiences attention and shows them that the scene to come is going to be lively and entertaining. It then moves on to quick moving party lights flashing throughout the Capulets house. Then we see Mercutio, in the middle of some huge stairs, dressed in womens clothes. Dancers surround him and loud party music is playing in the background. This shows modernism in the film. Zeffirelli wouldnt have dreamt of putting this in his film. Purely because peoples attitudes to sexuality, cross-dressing etc. has changed a lot since 1968. The carpet on the stairs is bright purple and there are bits of strong reds all around the room. Again, this is one of the many things that makes this film modern and relates it to a modern audience.The camera is c onstantly closing in on Romeo and then quickly panning to a close up of Juliet, showing their facial expressions and hinting at their feelings. The camera is mainly level with the actors heads. This makes the audience feel as if they were in the room with the characters.The party is set in a big house with large, bright stairs in the centre of the back wall. The room where the characters are dancing is brightly decorated with flowers. There are also lots of mirrors and a very large window. The mirrors and decoration show that the Capulets are wealthy. The characters are wearing shiny, brightly coloured, modern outfits. It is actually fancy dress. Juliet is dressed as a fairy, which shows she is a soft, caring, and loving character.The music in the background is slow and repetitive. It is by Desiray, which are a modern group and is perfect music to show love in the film because the lyrics state about love. The music pauses and the camera stays in a fixed position when Romeo and Julie t stop and stare at each other. This shows strongly the fact that something significant is going to happen between the two characters.The lighting in Luhrmans party scene is extremely technical. There are spotlights, spinning lights, neon lights, and fairground lights. Each one giving its own effect. The spotlight highlights Mercutio when he is dancing. There are also fireworks going on outside the house, which give the setting a more romantic feel.Overall Luhrmans party scene is a lot different to Zeffirellis because it is more lively, modern and wild. In Luhrmans the audience see passionate kissing, excessive drinking and hints of drug use. This plays a big part in relating the play to a modern audience.Again, Zeffirellis party scene is very different from Luhrmans. It is a lot more traditional and historic. The whole scene is much slower and more romantic than Luhrmans.In Zeffirellis there is a lot of singing. Especially near the end. Like Luhrmans there are a lot of close ups on Romeo and Juliet and the camera is at the same level as the characters heads. This, again, makes the audience feel more like they are at the party. The editing is a lot slower than Luhrmans and the shots tend to be a lot longer, giving the audience a sense of love. There are a few faster scenes to highlight the conflict between the Capulets and the Montagues.Like Luhrmans the party is set in a big mansion that had big stone walls and huge stone pillars. The pillars give focal points for the party. There are beautiful mosaics on the floor. Towards the end of the scene a man is singing with a circle of people around him. He is stood in the centre of one of the mosaics and it, again, gives a sense of love and romance. This is also given by the fact that there are lots of large candles spread around the roomThe characters are all wearing old costumes to represent Shakespeares time and all the men are wearing hats. Romeo is wearing a mask so that the Capulets will not see that he is a M ontague. The colours are all quite soft and more elegant than in Luhrmans. All the Montagues are wearing dark colours and all the guests at the party are wearing soft oranges and crà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½mes. This is a sneaky little hint of conflict between the two households. That hint is needed in this scene because the audience could forget about the conflict because both households are at the same party.The music is mostly slow but when there is a long shot of the guests dancing the music becomes a lot faster and livelier. This change gets the full attention of the audience. There are no sound effects in Zeffirellis party scene.The lighting in the scene is a lot more modest than in Luhrmans but still creates good images and hints at important things. One of the walls of the castle has a blue light shone onto it and it really gives a calm, relaxed atmosphere. Instead of having a spot light like in Luhrmans, Zeffirelli has used the natural light from outside the window to shine on the man si nging. This again shows love and romance and still keeps the film as if it were set in Shakespearian times.After having seen both versions of Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet I think that each film was made for a very different reason. I think that Zeffirellis film was made to be as accurate to the original as possible but I think that Luhrman wanted to modernise the play for a modern audience. I think both directors achieved this.Zeffirellis version was much more about love, romance, and conflict between two families. He made the audience feel this by constantly using slow camera techniques and classical music with modest lighting. He also gave lots of hints about the conflict such as using different costumes for the Capulets and Montagues. Zeffirelli also made his film as much like the original as possible. He did this by using settings, lighting, music and costume that would have been around in Shakespeares day. He didnt use many modern effects because these would not have been avai lable when Shakespeare wrote his play.Luhrmans film was a lot more modern. He has turned a historic play into a modern film for the people of today. His fast editing and constantly panning camera angles along with his fantastic sound and visual effects made this film an amazing version of a fantastic play. He modernises the play so well by doing things such as making the character Paris into Dave Paris and Prince into Captain Prince. He uses guns instead of swords, which not only modernises the film but also makes it a lot more interesting and fast moving. A sword-fighting scene could go on forever but by using guns the fight is over with one shot.I think that the only things these films have in common are their titles and the language used in them and even that is spoken in completely different ways.I think that Luhrmans film is a lot better than Zeffirellis purely because I can relate to it. Its modernisation makes it fast and exciting. It is a completely enjoyable film and I woul d certainly recommend it.

Journal 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

Journal 2 - Essay Example The author suggests that the land he travels is simple, natural, fertile, and prolific. Least Heat Moon describes the environment he travels across as being naturally beautiful and fertile. He also describes the environment by bringing out the ideas of procreation and fertility in the natural environment. He says, â€Å"†¦water bubbled with the froth of sperm and ova.† This indicates the natural fertility and procreation of the natural environment. Thirdly, in his essay â€Å"Forgotten People of the Blue Highways† Heat Moon brings out the idea of racism and differences in colour. He goes through lands inhabited by black people and he notices the differences that people of different colours have against each other. At one point, he notices he was being watched by the police because he was a white man. However, he believes in change, and a man named Walker tells him, â€Å"I know things haven’t changed, but things will change† (Heat,

Articles review For this assignment you will discuss two published Essay

Articles review For this assignment you will discuss two published research articles relating to gender and education. Each one - Essay Example 2004; Putwain 2008) and Science scores (Okoye 2009). Still, one study argues that gender differences can be found based on problem type: â€Å"boys outperformed girls on spatial/conceptual measurement, whereas girls outperformed boys on formula-based measurement, as well as on a test of computation skills† (Vasilyeva et al. 2009, p.401) or personality (Petrides et al. 2005), while others provide evidence that stereotype threats can lead to gender differences in female students' maths performance (Ahmavaara and Houston 2007; Good, Woodzicka, and Wingfield 2010; Keller 2007). This essay criticizes the articles â€Å"The gendered subject: students' subject preferences and discussions of gender and subject ability† by Francis (2000) and â€Å"Student attitudes, image and the gender gap† by Warrington, Younger, and Williams (2000). In â€Å"The gendered subject: students' subject preferences and discussions of gender and subject ability,† Francis (2000) examine s whether there have been any changes in students’ constructions of gender and learning, because of changes in achievement trends and perceptions of gender. The author also studies their perceptions of most popular and least popular subjects and their beliefs about gender and ability. The study is a correlational design, wherein relations between gender and subject preferences and ability are determined. The sampling strategy is random sampling from three different mixed-sex schools in Greater London. Author conducted classroom observation and semi-structured interviews with one hundred 14 to 16 year old students. Findings showed blurring in gendered subject preferences, because boys favoured English, while girls preferred Math as the second favourite subject. However, in terms of students’ least preferred subjects, the sample was more traditional, with mathematics and science the least well-liked subjects among girls, and French the least well-liked among boys. Still, maths was rated second least preferred by boys, and French third least preferred among girls, which indicates greater diversity. As for responses on gender and subject ability, majority believed that ability at different subjects are not connected to gender. Still, those who believed that gender is a factor in different subjects agreed that girls were better at some or all subjects than boys. Francis concluded that stresses on female superiority should not be taken as an indication of absence of worry among educators, because it means that gender gap continues to persist, but at a different direction. It is important to stress the potential of both genders for all subjects to erase stereotyped images. Warrington, Younger, and Williams (2000) study the attitudes of students to GCSE work and explore why boys and girls seem to view their work in different ways, with emphasis on â€Å"image† in the article â€Å"Student attitudes, image and the gender gap.† Like Francis ( 2000), Warrington, Younger, and Williams (2000) conducted a correlational study using qualitative analysis. Warrington, Younger, and Williams (2000) used triangulation for data gathering: focus group interviews with groups of girls and boys, lesson observations and teacher interviews. Findings showed that girls are not stigmatised for hard work in class, while boys experience that their image is affected when they study hard in school.

Edgar Allan Poe Research Paper Essay Example for Free

Edgar Allan Poe Research Paper Essay Best known for his poems and short fiction. Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most famous American poets. He deserves most credit for short suspenseful mysteries and he perfected the area of horror stories. He wrote many famous poems like The Raven and The Bells. Poe was a genius and very meticulous in his stories every clue had to fit and thats why he didnt make a lot of short stories but a small collection of great short stories. He was born in Boston on January 19, 1809. Both of his parents were touring actors; both died before Poe even reached three years old. A rich merchant named Mr. Allan in Richmond, Virginia took Poe in. His childhood was uneventful although he attended the University of Virginia in 1826 for only a year. Even thought he was a good student he ran up a large gambling dept that Allan refused to pay. This prevented his return to the university and broke-off his engagement to Sarah Elmira Royster, his Richmond sweetheart. Having no way to support himself he enlisted in the army. He had already written and printed (at his own expense) his first book, Tamerlane and Other Poems (1827). Allan secured Poes release from the army and his appointment to West Point but refused to give him money. After 6 months Poe apparently got kicked out of West Point for disobedience. His friends, however, gave money to him for the publication of Poems by Edgar A. Poe Second Edition (1831), actually a third editionafter Tamerlane and Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems (1829). This book contained the famous To Helen and Israfel, poems that show the restraint and the calculated musical effects of language that was characterizing his poetry. Poe next lived in Baltimore with his widowed aunt, Maria Clemm, and her daughter, Virginia, and turned to fiction as a way to support himself. In 1832 the Philadelphia Saturday Courier published five of his stories all comic or satiric. In 1833, MS. Found in a Bottle won a $50 prize from the Baltimore Saturday Visitor. Poe, his aunt, and Virginia moved to Richmond in 1835 and he became editor of the Southern Literary Messenger and married Virginia, who was not even 14 years old. Poe wrote fiction, his most horrifying tale, Berenice, in the Southern Literary Messenger, but most of his contributions were serious and critical reviews that earned him respect as a critic. He praised the young Dickens and devoted most of his attention to devastating reviews of popular contemporary authors. His contributions increased the magazines circulation, but they offended its owner, who didnt like Poes drinking. The January 1837 issue of the Southern Literary Messenger announced Poes that Poe will stop to be the editor but also included the first part of his long fiction tale, The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, five of his reviews, and two of his poems. This was going to be the strange pattern for Poes career: success as an artist and editor but failure to satisfy his employers and to secure a quite, stable life. First in New York City (1837), then in Philadelphia (1838-44), and again in New York (1844-49), Poe tried to establish himself as a force in literary journalism, but with only slow success. He did succeed, however, in creating influential literary theories and in showing mastery of the forms he favored musical poems and short fictional narratives. Both forms, he argued, should aim at a certain unique or single effect. His theory of short fiction is best exemplified in Ligeia (1838), the tale Poe considered his finest, and The Fall Of The House Of Usher (1839), which was to become one of his most famous stories. The Murders in the Rue Morgue (1841) is sometimes considered the first detective story. The The Raven (1845) and The Bells (1849) are good example of musical poems. Virginias death in January 1847 was a heavy blow, but Poe continued to write and lecture. In the summer of 1849 he revisited Richmond, lectured, and was proposed to the fiancee he had lost in 1826, she accepted that. After his return north he was found unconscious on a Baltimore street. In a brief obituary the Baltimore Clipper reported that Poe had died of congestion of the brain.

George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four 1984 Essays -- essays research p

1984 Truth In George Orwell’s â€Å"1984† society is manipulated and guided by an organization called the Party and an anonymous figure named Big Brother, who is used as God. One of the main aspects the Party controls is truth or tries to control is truths in the society and the truth in the minds of the individual themselves. The Party creates what they want to be true to make the individuals ignorant so they can manipulate them easier. This twist of the truth by the Party makes it seem like truth doesn’t actually exist, but for Winston it does exist or it once did. Truth does exist if the individual is rebellious to the extent to where it will not get them vaporized and Winston is one of those rebels. He and others are able to experience the idea of truth mainly mentally or psychologically to better please themselves, but when the Party captures him his sense of rebellion is taken from him. When his rebelliousness is loss he loses his more vulnerable to the brainwashing o f the Party. Unlike the others in the society who have fallen by the Party’s waist side Winston tries to maintain his own true identity. The Party needs to mold and shape these people so they are able to go through with their plans of ultimate control of all aspects of a persons life. They want no kind of individualism because of the fear of rebellion, which is what Winston has conformed to. He upholds his identity with his diary. He expresses himself and allows his thought to come out more freely. Winston knows that he is breaking the law of the Party and is afraid, but he still does it. â€Å"Whether he wrote DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER, or whether he refrained†¦He had committed—would still have committed†¦Thoughtcrime they called it.(19)† Thoughtcrime is a fear the Party is able to put in the individuals mine. This crime is another hinderer of the Party to keep individuals minds locked in the state they want them to be in, to keep the truth in their identity and the en vironment around them in a locked state and the Party and Big Brother are the only ones with the key. The Party operates society into thinking they need the Party because they need to get into what the Party has for them, which is nothing but control, and since the Party is the suppose to be the key society must come through them. Winston is unable to refrain from committing thoughtcrime and lessening his self to believe what the Party has... ...him and that is compassion and love for his family. Winston continuously denies that he could not give Julia away like that. When Winston’s torture begins he hold out for an extensive amount of time but when Obrien uses one of his greatest fears, which is of rats, against him he sacrifices Julia and himself to the Party. After makes this sacrifice it is like he has died so he has no reason fight anymore. He gives his identity up and the truth he once new over to the ideas of the Party and is changed into another full blown Outer Party member. After Winston had lost all he lived for and was nothing more. Truth did once exist with Winston with his rebellious ways. He longed for having his own identity and he was almost successful. He was able to experience the idea of truth mainly in his mind but he did get the satisfaction from that. The Party wanted and needed to make the identity they wanted for all. They did this because they wanted power. In the beginning Winston was not going to fall into their trap but he became quite careless with his trust in other and was captured with his love Julia. After the use of torture and mind interference he was finally broken and lost his self.

The Future Of Fuel Cell Technology Engineering Essay

In our current universe of planetary heating, clime alteration, fuel insecurity, and high energy demand and ingestion from developing states, it is perfectly necessary we started looking into how to bring forth the power of the hereafter. Through research, development, and promotion of engineering, several beginnings of alternate, clean renewable energy have been identified. One of the alternate beginnings of energy for the hereafter is â€Å" The Fuel Cell Technology † . This engineering ( fuel cell engineering ) has the possible to be the drift which will transform the manner in which industries of today will bring forth energy of tomorrow. Fuel Cell can merely be describe as a power bring forthing system made up of electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of H into electrical energy. The electrical energy is generated from the reaction between H ( which is the fuel ) an O ( which is the oxidizer ) . The history of fuel cells history can be dated back to 1939 when William Grove, a British scientist foremost discovered its rule. He demonstrated this by utilizing four big cells ( each incorporating H and O ) to bring forth electric power which was so used to divide the H2O ( in a smaller upper cell ) into H and O. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA ) subsequently demonstrated their possible applications in supplying power during infinite flights. Since so, industry has been looking at the commercial viability of fuel cells engineering to bring forth energy in assorted applications in such a manner that it can vie with other sources/types of energy coevals.Fuel CellsTypesThere are several types of fuel cells being developed. The chief difference between fuel cells types is their electrolyte. The chief fuel cells types are listed below:Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells ( PEMFC ) :This is besides called the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell. It is the most favorable fuel cell engineering that offer alternate to the internal burning engine. The PEMFC uses a thin plastic membrane as its electrolyte. The reaction gases ( H and O ) are fed into the cell to respond with the anode and the cathode. The fuel H continuously flows to the anode. At the anode, H ions ( or protons ) and negatrons are produce from the H. Merely positively charged H ions pass through the membrane. The negatively charged negatrons flow to the electrical socket to bring forth electrical power. Oxygen continuously flow to the cathode. At the cathode the O combines with H ions and the negatrons to organize H2O which flows out of the cell. 2HA? a 4Ha + 4ea? » Equation for the reaction of the anode Oa‚‚ + 4Ha + 4ea? » a 2Ha‚‚O Equation for the reaction at the cathode 2Ha‚‚ + Oa‚‚ a 2Ha‚‚O Overall Equation Figure 1: How PEMFC works ( Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //altenergystation.com/fuel-cells.html ) The PEMFC has many advantages over all other types of fuel cell ; The PEMFC has a high power denseness and a low operating temperature ( of about 60-80 grades Celsius ) compared with other types of fuel cell. Its low operating temperature makes the fuel cell to warm up and get down bring forthing electricity within a short period of clip. Besides, the electrolyte is a solid stuff which makes it simpler to fabricate. The solid electrolyte of PEMFC makes it easier to orientate compared with other electrolytes. It is besides less caustic and has longer cell life and stack life. Other advantages of PEMFC are: It merely requires H and O as reactant. The by merchandise is H2O. It can be used as an option to internal burning engine. Although PEMFC has many benefits, it does hold some disadvantages excessively. The operating temperature is low ( about 80A °C ) ; which is non high plenty to execute utile cogeneration. It is an expensive signifier of electricity coevals. It cost about ?2500 – ?5000 per kilowatt. The control of wet in the cathode and anode watercourse is of import as the electrolyte is required to be saturated with H2O to run optimally.Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ( DMFC )These types of fuel cells are comparable to the PEMFC except that methyl alcohol is used as fuel alternatively of H. It works by oxidising of the liquid methyl alcohol ( CHa‚?OH ) in the presence of H2O at the anode. The DMFC uses the same type of electrolyte as the PEMFC, but with thicker membranes. The chemical equation ( reaction ) of the DMFC is as follow ; At the anode: CHa‚?OH + Ha‚‚O a COa‚‚ +6Ha + 6ea? » At the cathode: 3/2Oa‚‚ + 6Ha + 6ea? » a 3Ha‚‚O Overall Equation: CHa‚?OH + 3/2Oa‚‚ a COa‚‚+ 2Ha‚‚O DMFC engineering is really applicable for portable power devices like laptops, 2-way wirelesss, cell phones, PDA etc. This is due to the high energy denseness of the methyl alcohol fuel. The current DMFCs can bring forth power denseness between 300-1000mWcmA? compared to PEMFC power denseness of 300-1000mWcmA? . DMFC can run between 50A °C and 120A °C with an efficiency of approximately 40 % . The DMFC offers a batch of benefits compared with PEMFC ; nevertheless its development is still in its early phases. Some of its advantages are ; It uses a liquid ( methyl alcohol ) fuel for power. Methanol can incorporate efficaciously with transmittal and distribution systems that are already in being. It does non necessitate a complicated fuel storage system, as suppose to hydrogen fuel storage for PEMFC. It is simpler in its design, and has the possible for low-volume, lightweight packaging. Methanol is easier to transport and provide in commercial measures utilizing current gasolene substructure. The chief disadvantage nevertheless, is that the low oxidation of methyl alcohol to hydrogen ions and COa‚‚ requires a more active accelerator. The fuel stack requires big measures of Pt compared with the PEMFC. Due to the big measures of Pt requires, the DMFC are more expensive. Other disadvantages are ; methanol is extremely caustic and toxic, DMFC have low efficiency compared to PEMFC due to the high pervasion of methyl alcohol through the membrane.Alkaline Fuel Cells ( AFC )AFC were one of the first type of fuel cell engineerings developed and used in the United States infinite plan to bring forth electricity. AFC operates by utilizing a solution of K hydrated oxide ( KOH ) in H2O as the electrolyte. It can utilize a broad scope of assorted non-precious metals as a accelerator at the anode and the cathode. AFC operates at temperature between 100A °C and 250A °C, nevertheless, most recent design of AFC operate at lower temperature of approximately 23A °C to 70A °C. AFC have been proved to hold efficiency of stopping point to 60 % . Advantages of AFC are ; The costs of AFC are lowered compared to other signifiers of fuel cell engineerings because Alkaline engineering can work absolutely good without the usage of cherished metals. The AFC operates at a low temperature of about 70A °C. This lower its costs because the lower the operating temperature, the lower the cost of the stuffs needed to make a working and dependable system. AFC has the highest efficiency of all fuel cell type ( about 60 % ) . AFC nevertheless is susceptible to taint, hence requires pure H and O. Susceptibility of AFCs to taint besides affects the cell ‘s life-time, therefore extra cost.Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells ( PAFC )The PAFC is one of the modern fuel cell and the first to be used commercially. PAFC can bring forth up to 200 kilowatt of power and is chiefly used to power stationary power coevals and besides to power big vehicles like coachs. The PAFC uses liquid phosphorous acid as an electrolyte. The phosphorous acid is contained in a Teflon-bonded Si carbide matrix and porous C electrodes incorporating a Pt accelerator. The chief feature of PAFC is the impregnation of the phosphorous acid aqueous solution as the electrolyte in the matrix. The efficiency of PAFC is approximately 40 % but can be increased to over 70 % with combined heat and power. One of the chief advantages of PAFC is that they are more receptive to drosss in fossil fuels that have been reformed into H than PEMFC, which are easy poisoned by C monoxide. PAFC are besides more efficient when used for the cogeneration of electricity and heat ( about 85 % ) . Other benefit of PAFC is its first-class dependability and long-run public presentation. The disadvantage nevertheless is that it takes longer to warm up because it operates at a higher temperature ( between 150A °C and 200A °C ) , therefore doing it unsuitable for usage in autos. It besides requires Pt as a accelerator like most other types of fuel cells, but provides low power and current. Another deficit of PAFC is its size and volume in relation to their end product compared with other types of fuel cell. Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells ( MCFC ) Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ( SOFC ) Hydrogen Electrolysis PEM Fuel Cell and Electrolyser Operating Principles Table Fuel Cell Development in Future: An Independent Opinion Experiment: How to Better Output and Efficiency ofaˆÂ ¦ Consequence: Calculation of Improved Efficiency/Performance Decision Glossary Appendixs

Enron Financial Statement Case Essay

Accounting is all about financial information —capturing it, recording it, configuring it, analyzing it, and reporting it to persons who use it. The financial statements : The final product of financial accounting is in the form of financial statements that are packaged with other information in a financial report. †¢Financial statements are prepared at the end of each accounting period. A period maybe one month, one quarter, or one year. †¢Financial statements report summary amounts, or totals. There are three main financial statements: –The balance sheet: containing Assets and source of Assets at a specific date –The income statement representing : is the all-important financial statement that summarizes the profit-making activities of a business over a period of time. –The Cash flow statement: presents a summary of the business’s sources and uses of cash during the income statement period. Financial Report : Financial Report Form: Financial Report must be prepared according to the Standards of GAAP : generally accepted accounting principles for preparing the financial statements, these rules permit alternative accounting methods for some transactions. Furthermore, accountants have to interpret the rules as they apply GAAP in actual situations. The devil is in the details. The point is that interpreting GAAP is not cut-and-dried. Many accounting standards leave a lot of wiggle room for interpretation. Deciding how to account for certain transactions and situations requires seasoned judgment and careful analysis of the rules. Furthermore, many estimates have to be made. Financial Report main components: The three basic financial statements: income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows. A statement of changes in owners’ equity (if needed). Disclosures: mainly containing Footnotes: and the most important footnote is the one which identify the major accounting policies and methods that the business uses and justifying any change in the policy used. Independent auditor’s report: must be done by independent (from the firm) licensed auditor and give the business a clean bill of health, or that the report is misleading and should not be relied upon. This negative, disapproving audit report is called an adverse opinion.

The Power and The Glory essays

The Power and The Glory essays First, to prove to be admirable, one has to deserve praise for his or her excellence. In Graham Greenes novel, The Power and the Glory, the Whiskey Priest does not initially portray the qualities it takes to be recognized as that admirable person, but in the end he shines as a hero. In spite of the Priests continuous hiding, running, drinking, and other unethical activities, his virtues play a major role in why he engages in all the activities he does. We see evidence of the Priests despair in the beginning when we come to find out that he has a daughter, Brigitta, from a previous affair with Maria. The Whiskey Priest lives with continuous guilt throughout most of the book. Not only does the Priest hide from many people including his daughter, he also moves from place to place many times. Therell be another boat, in a fortnight, or three weeks. You are lucky, you can get out, states Mr. Tench to reassure the Whiskey Priest that he does not have to stay in Carmen (17). Running from his problems and hiding from different individuals, the Whiskey Priest moves from Carmen through various cities and then back to Carmen again. The one thing the Whiskey Priest wants to be pardoned from most, is his sinful and indecent act with Maria Give me my brandy, is a phrase spoken by the Whiskey Priest throughout the novel (17). The Whiskey Priest finds great pleasure and comfort in drinking. The Whiskey Priest turns to drinking to escape from the reality of life. The many drinks the priest consumes cause him some uneasiness with both himself and others. When you are older youll understand the difference between drinking a little brandy after dinner and well, needing it, was Captain Fellows reaction to the Priests continuous need for Brandy (38). The Whiskey Priest is continuously performing kind acts to benefit the parishioner ...

Cmo afecta la ley HB87 de Georgia a los indocumentados

Cmo afecta la ley HB87 de Georgia a los indocumentados La ley de Georgia HB 87, considerada como restrictiva de la inmigracià ³n, impone castigos a los inmigrantes indocumentados que viven dentro de las fronteras de ese estado. Y es que aunque las leyes de la inmigracià ³n son federales y, por lo tanto, son iguales todo Estados Unidos sin importan donde se resida lo cierto es que cada estado puede pasar medidas de apoyo a los migrantes, legales y/o indocumentados o, por el contrario, restrictivas de los derechos de los sin papeles. Ese à ºltimo es el caso de Georgia, pero no es el à ºnico. Destacan en ese sentido las leyes de Arizona, Alabama y Carolina del Sur. Si usted es uno de los 480 mil indocumentados que vive en Georgia o se planea mudarse a vivir a ese estado es conveniente saber los puntos bsicos de la ley HB-87 tal y como se aplica en la actualidad despuà ©s de que varias organizaciones demandaran con à ©xito irregular la suspensià ³n de algunas partes de la ley. Cà ³mo afecta la ley de Georgia HB-87 a los indocumentados En primer lugar, en aplicacià ³n de la ley de Georgia HB-87 las empresas con ms de un cierto nà ºmero de trabajadores deben utilizar el programa federal e-Verify para garantizar que sus los empleados son ciudadanos americanos o estn legalmente autorizados para trabajar en Estados Unidos. Asà ­, todas las agencias estatales y todos los empresarios privados con ms de 500 empleados deben verificar el estatus legal de todos los nuevos trabajadores. Desde el 1 de julio de 2012, est obligacià ³n se ha extendido a todas las empresas con ms de 100 empleados y desde el uno de enero de 2013 se extender a todas que tengan ms de 10 trabajadores. Adems, la utilizacià ³n de documentos falsos como licencias de manejar, tarjetas de la seguridad social o green cards con el objeto de obtener empleo est castigado con multas de hasta $250,000 y con penas de prisià ³n por un mximo de 15 aà ±os. Asimismo, todas las peticiones de ayudas para la vivienda o para la compra de alimentos (food stamps) debern acompaà ±arse por la presentacià ³n de determinada documentacià ³n que pruebe el estatus legal del solicitante. Y quiz lo ms digno de resaltar es que  la policà ­a estatal y local puede verificar el estatus migratorio de las personas a las que para o detiene. Es lo que se conoce como la polà ­tica de muà ©strame los papeles (show me your papers, en inglà ©s). Es de destacar que se autoriza a la policà ­a a pedir los papeles pero no se hace mandatorio que debe hacerlo. Asà ­, por ejemplo, las fuerzas del orden del estado de Georgia podrn pedir papeles para verificar el estatus migratorio de las personas que manejen un auto sin la debida licencia. Disposicià ³n de la ley de inmigracià ³n de Georgia HB-87 que est suspendida   Por decisià ³n de la Corte de Apelaciones de Atlanta sigue en suspenso la seccià ³n de la ley que penaliza a todas las personas que a sabiendas, acogen en sus viviendas o transportan a un inmigrante indocumentado cuando se est cometiendo un delito. Derechos de los migrantes indocumentados Los migrantes indocumentados, a pesar de su estatus, tambià ©n tienen derechos si son arrestados o parados. En estos casos es muy importante que reciban un buen asesoramiento legal si sus caminos cruzan el de las autoridades y, por su puesto, si reciben una citacià ³n para presentarse en una corte de Inmigracià ³n, ya que el no hacerlo tiene consecuencia una orden de deportacià ³n (de la que es posible no saber que se tiene). Adems, en casos de arresto o/y inicio de procedimiento de deportacià ³n conviene consultar con un abogado si es conveniente solicitar una salida voluntaria, ya que puede tener ventajas si no hay forma legal de parar la deportacià ³n. Por à ºltimo, destacar que incluso en Georgia los muchachos con la Accià ³n Diferida aprobada (DACA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) pueden obtener la licencia de manejar. Y que hay ciertos beneficios sociales mà ­nimos reconocidos por las leyes federales que se tienen que cumplir, como el acceso a Wic para el caso de bebà ©s, infantes y embarazadas o la asistencia en clà ­nicas comunitarias e incluso en ER de hospitales en los casos de peligro para la vida. Este artà ­culo es informativo. No es asistencia legal para ningà ºn caso concreto.

Economic growth of Japan after 1945 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Economic growth of Japan after 1945 - Term Paper Example The net national savings (NNS) of an economy is calculated from the difference between its gross national savings (GNS) and the rate of depreciation of the capital stock of the economy (Depr). NNS= GNS – Depr. Figure 2: Falling Savings in Japan over Time (Source: â€Å"World Bank†) In the above line diagram, the pink line clearly shows the fall in the net national savings rate in Japan over time. The real interest rate is the rate of interest which is experienced by an investor in the market after compensating for the loss from inflation. The real interest rate (R) is calculated on the basis of the Fischer’s Equation. This equation explains that real interest rate is the simple difference between the nominal interest rate (N) and the inflation rate in an economy (I). R= N – I. The inflation rate for an economy is again calculated from the consumer price index (CPI) of a country. CPI is the simple average of a particular basket of goods and services produce d in nation. I = [CPI(this year) – CPI(last year)] / CPI(last year) (Baumol and Blinder 77). Figure 3: Real Interest Rates of Japan over Time (Source: â€Å"World Bank†) The above graph explains the real interest rate in Japan over the years. The entire quantitative data for the purpose of the research in this paper is taken on annual basis. The data table for the above line graph is given in Table 1 in the Appendix. Solow Model Analysis The Solow Model of growth is based on the concept of long run economic progress within the framework of neo-classical growth model. The neo-classical concept of growth states that a country can grow rapidly over time with the help of capital accumulation, population growth, technological progress and productivity. Figure 4: The Solow Model... According to the view of the neoclassical economists, the technological progress seen in the economy of Japan should have facilitated the growth of its national product. Moreover, the technological progress in the country should have reduced the use of labor in its economy. However, this is not the real scenario in Japans economy. The service sector income of the country contributes to the majority of its national income. In the last few years, Japan also had to face a severe decline in its national income, net domestic savings and real interest rates. This is because, in the real world, the idealistic view of endogenous growth does not exist. The crises of credit and fluid capital in the market have reduced the level of national income in the economy of Japan (Paul 47). The fall in the level of production capabilities has forced to reduce the national income of most of the countries (like Japan) in the world after the global recession. The decline in the national income has, therefo re, resulted in a fall of the per capita income level of the country. The fall in the income level is in turn responsible for the decline in the net domestic savings in Japan (Mankiw and Taylor 132). As the gross amount of savings in Japan has fallen over time, the number of investment opportunities in the country has also declined. After the emergence of globalization and liberalization in the world economy, the prices of most of the goods and services in the market are determined by the free market forces of demand and supply.

Night of the Living Dead Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Night of the Living Dead - Essay Example So in what way are Vietnam War and Night of the Living Dead connected? First word that comes to mind in an attempt to answer this question is violence. Both this artistic and historical events are based on violence in its pure and essential form. Remembering ‘Nam we surely must say that children were murdered, civilian peaceful villages burned, young girls raped, prisoners of war tortured etc. Elliot Stein of The Village Voice said: "it was not set in Transylvania, but Pennsylvania – this was Middle America at war, and the zombie carnage seemed a grotesque echo of the conflict then raging in Vietnam". The Vietnam War shown in The Night of the Living Dead as a symbol or, better put, the Vietnam War and its perception by people are what moved George Romero towards creating such a movie. They are similar in details (for example search and destroy operations) and make viewer feel and see the impact of the war not in facts but in the whole structure of the film. To prove thei r connection a very popular underground comics Bulletproof Coffin by Shaky Kane and David Hine is inspired by The Night of The Living Dead and in this comics we can actually see war against zombies in Vietnam. So the connection is really there but of course the story and plot can be interesting without them. It is a horror and slasher film which makes action and violent gun shooting seem spectacular. But that is all and in the movie there is nothing else. But if you seek for symbols you should connect the movie with the time it was made and by that you achieve a seeing of a fiction that presents the feelings of those times. But the film which we discuss has a connection not only with Vietnam War. The main hero Ben played by Duane Jones is an Afro-American and up to that time the struggle for racial equality was near its culmination. Martin Luther King jr. was horribly assassinated the same year The Night of The Living Dead was released . It is a very interesting detail that both two main

Gay Marriage legistration in California Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gay Marriage legistration in California - Essay Example In California the state used to grant licenses to same sex couples but this service was discontinued shortly after its implementation. The process of granting licenses for gay marriages was started in June 2008 and due to the reformed constitutions and policies it was ceased in November 2008. This act was led by Supreme Court of California due to the passage of preposition 8 (Wilcox 66). Since March 2011, gay marriage laws in California are in a state of instability. Vaughn R.Walker, the federal judge of the state of California declared preposition 8 as unconstitutional. However, his appeal stayed pending- although the law which was formed to ban gay marriages or same sex marriages was overturned but still gay marriages were declared to be illegal (Utter 113). History of gay marriages in California In February 2004, the laws of the city of San Francisco granted permission for issuing licenses to the couples undergoing gay marriages. Before the first grant of license several hearings were called up to the supreme court of California. There on in august 2004, the court declared that the city and county of San Francisco had no right to authorize gay marriages through any legal license. Therefore, following the verdict- the license granted to already same sex married couples was rejected and banned (Lee 67). Around November 2006, several parties appealed to the court of California for the numerous cases dealing with same sex marriages. In 2008 four to three decision took effect. There comes a constitution which banned gay marriages totally, it came in November 2008, it was called proposition 8, the Marriage Recognition and Family Protection Act (Researcher 97). In current situation, the laws relating to gay marriage are in the state of flux in California with numerous cases in front of the courts. The current governor of California supports the legal same sex marriages and equality California. Their government has decided to overturn proposition 8 in the 2012 elect ion. Proposition 8 Proposition 8 is a provision to change the constitution of California and give further details of a valid marriage. In November 2008, it was clearly stated that a marriage between man and woman would only be considered lawful and valid in California. After the passage of the proposition, there were numerous beings who agreed with it but several of them voted against this proposition. Soon after the enactment, the federal judge of California State declared this proposition 8 as unconstitutional. Then 9th circuit court of appeals asked fro the stay on same sex marriages in California in 2010 the pending appeal. There on considerations were conducted on gay marriages and the California supreme court announced that same sex marriages and couples would remain legally married before proposition 8 passed (Wilcox 188). Affects of gay marriages in Californian society There are many social evils in our society and some of the major problems which have to face by the economy if every country. The birth rate in every country is always much more so it should decreased for the betterment of the country. The second generation people are old in fact in many countries they are not given with any respect. However, in the present situation and time the rate of growth of homosexual people has increased a lot which creates the worst thinking in the youth mind. Homosexuality is the psychic of an individual in which s/he got in a pray of love with same sex (Brock 57). In some

High Noon Essay Example for Free

High Noon Essay This is a case of a company, which is operating in Malaysia by the name of Alpha Plantations Sdn Bhd. The company has its origin in Britain and has been operational for over forty years now. This subsidiary located in Malaysia consists of one palm oil mill and one oil palm estate. According to the owners of the company, the main purpose of opening this subsidiary is to supply the mother company with crude palm oil. The mother company is involved in production of detergents. The subsidiary in Malaysia operates in three shifts and each shift has about 25 people manned by one supervisor.  In addition, majority of the top management persons working at the Malaysian subsidiary come from the United Kingdom where the mother company is. Issues This organization has been in operation for decades and it has perfectly performed. With the changes that are taking place within the company because of the new manager, workers will also experience some new changes in the way they will execute their duties. Issues arise from the fact that this new management wants to change even the structure of the organization. These changes bring conflict in the way the workers used to perform and in the process affect their team performance and rapport. (McShane, S. et al, 2006) This frustrates Mr. Ang who has worked with the company for over four decades. The results are his firing after a confrontation. The reason for his firing stated as misconduct. However, this misconduct resulted from the mixed up duties and responsibilities that he experiences on his line of duty. As McShane, S. et al, (2006), says it is necessary to have a clearly spelled out duties and responsibilities. This is the only way that the workers will be able to avoid conflict and confrontation. This does not happen in this company. In addition, the managerial team executes these changes so quickly such that the workers do not have time to adjust thereby resulting to frustrations. Analysis Over the years, the company has faced many problems. However, the recent one was the massive loss that the company was undergoing. The main cause of this loss is the current low prices of gases that were experience at that time, then in 1999. During this time, Captain Chubb was the manager of the company. He claimed that he had done all that he could but the prices were the one which pulled the company down. The top management of the company sort to hire a new manager the following year by the name of Ian Davison. They thought that the previous manager failed to perform. Even though he did not have any experience in management of an agricultural company, he had worked and succeeded in the detergent company and therefore the management expected much from him. To achieve this, he had to lower the cost of production and the only way was to make some recommendation. He therefore made recommendations some of which were beyond the company’s control. For instance, he claimed that the company allowed too much machine breakdown. It is advisable to note that wear and tear is normal processes and we can do absolutely nothing to prevent it. However, he offered a practical solution of reducing the workforce and introducing new machines. This is the point where issues cropped up. With the introduction of new machines and reduction of the number of workers per shift, the workers first adapted to the process but later moved back to their old habits. However, this time, the problem was bigger in that there were fewer workers. They no longer worked in a team and this created a big problem, as the workload was now bigger. In addition, with the new introduced structure in the organization, workers were now able to have a direct access to the manager. This reduced the powers that Mr. Ang had who has always been the supervisor for the company. He was not in a position to control the works anymore and this frustrated him. Furthermore, the workers would not fully respect his directions, as they knew they could still get directions directly from the manager. As McShane, S. et al, (2006) in their book says, poor communication will always affect our behavior towards each other at our places of work. They go ahead and say that leaders will tend to vent their frustration to their subordinate. This communication breakdown affected the relationship between Mr. Ang and the workers and at the end resulted to dictatorship type of ruling where Mr. Ang would make all the decision for the workers. The worst is that Mr. Ang was to blame for all this. The result is that Mr. Ang was devastated and become silent, unproductive to the company and the company fires him. Drive theory explains the reason why Mr. Ang feels frustrated by the actions of the manager. He was highly valued by the workers and after he goes home, the company somehow collapses. Solutions The current problems that are experienced are a serious loss and this is not due to local company structure but global factors that are beyond the company control. We can therefore argue that the methods that used to deal with this problem are way out of track. It is a good idea though to look for machines that are using new technology and to downsize the number of workers in the company. However, it is not a good idea to change the company structure, as this has nothing to do with the workers’ performance. (McShane, S. et al, 2006) The best solution for this problem therefore would have been the purchase of the machines using new technology, downsizing the firm and then leaving the workers to report to the supervisor who they have reported to all these years. This would have prevented the confrontation that Mr. Ang had with the top officials at the head office and the other confrontation that he had with the manager and therefore prevent the company from collapsing. Recommendation However, now that Mr.  Ang has already gone home and things are not working well at all at the company, it is a clear indication that even though during the last days, Mr. Ang seemed quiet, he was important and his presence was recognized by all the workers. In addition, Mr. Ang was never given time to explain what was happening. It would be recommendable to try to summon Mr. Ang, give him a chance to explain his point of view and give him back his job. He is the only one who can mobilize the team and make them work. Drive theory explains the reason why the company collapses because the workers are not motivated. They have nothing to drive them to work harder.

bay of pigs :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the administration of United States President John F. Kennedy, the Cold War reached its most dangerous state, when the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) came to the brink of nuclear war in what was known as the Cuban Missile Crisis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The United States and Russia were already engaged in the Cold War, and both countries were now in a race to build up their armed forces. The Arms Race was a competition between both countries to scare each other by creating bigger, more powerful missiles and bombs. Usually, the United States was more advanced than the Soviet Union in technology and the Soviets tried to catch up as quickly as possible and neither stopped. The American people thought that the Russians had more, and better missiles than the United States had because of Soviet Premier Khrushchev boasting over his country’s status. Eventually, American officials show this to be false. As the Cold War continued, the fear of a nuclear holocaust grew and proposals for arms reduction began, but the fear still remained. In 1961, the United States formed the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, which dealt with the government policy concerning nuclear testing and arms control. In May of 1972, the firs t Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT 1) came to an end and a treaty had been signed by the United States and the Soviet Union to limit the production of anti-ballistic missile systems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout the Cold War people feared nuclear war, but the world was never closer to one then during the Cuban Missile Crisis. There would be no winner in a nuclear war, only destruction would remain. For fourteen days in October of 1962, American and Soviet troops were prepared to attack one another and were ready to use nuclear weapons. This was the highest peak of tensions during the Cold War.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Cuban Missile Crisis began with the growing tensions between the United States and Cuba following the Cuban Revolution of 1959. The revolution ousted Cuba’s dictator, Fulgencio Batista and brought to power a government headed by Cuban revolutionary leader Fidel Castro. Before the revolution, the United States had a significant influence in Cuba’s economic and political affairs, but the Castro government refused to be influenced by the United States. Castro caused concern in the United States when he confiscated property belonging to wealthy Cubans and foreigners in an attempt to implement policies to improve conditions for poor and working-class Cubans. bay of pigs :: essays research papers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the administration of United States President John F. Kennedy, the Cold War reached its most dangerous state, when the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) came to the brink of nuclear war in what was known as the Cuban Missile Crisis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The United States and Russia were already engaged in the Cold War, and both countries were now in a race to build up their armed forces. The Arms Race was a competition between both countries to scare each other by creating bigger, more powerful missiles and bombs. Usually, the United States was more advanced than the Soviet Union in technology and the Soviets tried to catch up as quickly as possible and neither stopped. The American people thought that the Russians had more, and better missiles than the United States had because of Soviet Premier Khrushchev boasting over his country’s status. Eventually, American officials show this to be false. As the Cold War continued, the fear of a nuclear holocaust grew and proposals for arms reduction began, but the fear still remained. In 1961, the United States formed the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, which dealt with the government policy concerning nuclear testing and arms control. In May of 1972, the firs t Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT 1) came to an end and a treaty had been signed by the United States and the Soviet Union to limit the production of anti-ballistic missile systems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout the Cold War people feared nuclear war, but the world was never closer to one then during the Cuban Missile Crisis. There would be no winner in a nuclear war, only destruction would remain. For fourteen days in October of 1962, American and Soviet troops were prepared to attack one another and were ready to use nuclear weapons. This was the highest peak of tensions during the Cold War.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Cuban Missile Crisis began with the growing tensions between the United States and Cuba following the Cuban Revolution of 1959. The revolution ousted Cuba’s dictator, Fulgencio Batista and brought to power a government headed by Cuban revolutionary leader Fidel Castro. Before the revolution, the United States had a significant influence in Cuba’s economic and political affairs, but the Castro government refused to be influenced by the United States. Castro caused concern in the United States when he confiscated property belonging to wealthy Cubans and foreigners in an attempt to implement policies to improve conditions for poor and working-class Cubans.