The 1920s transformations greatly affected the American...

The 1920s transformations greatly affected the American society. There was a dramatic social change and great economic growth in the 1920s that was made possible by the technological revolution. Productivity rose by more than sixty percent and the mass culture’s influence contributed to the progress and advancement of technology and goods. The 1920s was a time of culture wars and an age of incredible affluence and expansion of human rights. Although there were many aspects of this culture that broke away from the moral and manners of the Victorian era, in some ways this era was also traditional and conservative. Some issues during this era, known as the â€Å"roaring twenties† or the age of wonderful nonsense, like the â€Å"new woman†, the†¦show more content†¦Women were now seeking a higher education and a career and were involved in organized unions, suffrage, helping the urban poor and founded the settlement houses. The WWI made way for the economic boom of the 1920s and was meant to make the world safe for democracy. The â€Å"new negro† was an African American that did not want to quietly submit to the segregation laws. The â€Å"new negro† movement was founded by Hubert Harrison in 1917.There was a newfound sense of optimism and opportunity for some in the African American community during the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement that contributed to the society through its arts, music, literature, and poetry. Many rights of African Americans were violated during this period because of the Jim Crow laws but this â€Å"jazz age† period also brought light on ideas of freedom and a break away from the conservatives and traditionalists. Through music and more, this period in some ways allowed for mixed races and gave hope to the â€Å"new negro† who was self determined to end the racial discrimination that was preventing them from achieving their goals because of their soc ial status and race. The Ku Klux Klan, all white Christian group, was considered far-right. This extremist group that is anti-African American, anti-Semitic, anti- immigration and anti-Catholic, had expressed themselves through acts of violence and terrorism. Lynching was a form of violence that was used by mobs used for justice without a trail.Show MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald3177 Words   |  13 PagesThere was a group of writers being active at the beginning of 20th century that has greatly affected American literature since. People generally use name- Lost Generation which was invented by another expatriate writer Gertrude Stein to represent those writers. After the World War I, people national wide had been affected from various aspects including economics, politics, literature, and sociology. The postwar social environment had affected the writing style and writers’ expression towards theRead MoreThe Mafia s Influence On Hip Hop1603 Words   |  7 PagesThe Mafia’s influence on Hip-Hop In Rap, there is a unique culture, history, social impact and influence on society. Hip-Hop/Rap is one of the most popular genre of music. It has helped shape the pop culture into what it is today. What is popular culture? The ideas, activities or products, which are popular among the general mass. In today’s pop culture, one subject that is at the top of the list is hip-hop/rap. Hip-Hop music highlights verses consisting of slang and catchy phrases, which someRead More World War Two and Its Impact on the Role of American Women in Society1494 Words   |  6 PagesWorld War Two and Its Impact on the Role of American Women in Society World War II is an event that has marked history like no other. Originating from a European struggle, war broke out in 1939 and continued for six years. From the years 1939 through 1945 more than half the earths surface was battling in war. American society was greatly affected. People of every age, race and class were deeply affected. Womens place in society took a leap forward like it never had before. As an effectRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Education And Education1201 Words   |  5 PagesThe philosophy of education seeks to study the process and discipline of education in order to understand how it works, improve its methods and perfect its purposes in today’s society. 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However, with advent of the process of globalization, there is now the integration and homogenization of cultures. â€Å"Homogenization of cultures is the loss of diversity of culture between two or more cultural

Tele Health Diagnostic System Licensure Policies

Question: Describe about the Tele Health Diagnostic System for Licensure Policies. Answer: Stake holder mapping Diagram 1: Stakeholder mapping (Source: created by author) Questionnaire to detect the problem area The following set of questions will be helpful to determine the necessity of the system, a) Why improvement in the existing Tele-health system is required? b) Challenges and risks related to the implementation of the Tele-health system? c) Effect of the implementation of Tele-health system on the normal life of people? d) How the implementation of Tele health system will be affected if the technology is not accepted by people? e) Required changes in the infrastructural level of hospitals or health facilities to adopt the new Tele-health system? Use case diagram Diagram 2: Use case diagram for Tele-health system (Source: created by author) Description of the given Use-case diagram In the given use case diagram, the three actors in the whole Tele health system is identified as patients, clinical staff (Doctors and staff) and technical staff for the system. Doctors or health instructors are involved in various processes like presenting slide shows, providing clinical documents for the patients, showing clinical images, providing instruction videos for patients (Gellis, Kenaley Have, 2014). This will help the health consumers to take the control of their own health and the health services become more interactive. Using this kind of services users can get their health status and take preventive measures for faster cure of any decease according to doctors medical advice (Polinski et al., 2016). On the other hand the technical experts and doctors both are involved in the monitoring process of functionality of Tele-health system. In the process of diagnosis, if any problem arises then it will be solved by the clinical staffs like doctors and staffs (Dorsey Topol, 2016). If any problem related to networks of the system arises then it will be solved by technical experts. Brief description about the actors Pre conditions For the registered users, they can log in into the system by providing credentials to the system. After this they can access different available informations about the services provided by the system or information related to any doctor at the health care facility (Antoniotti, Drude Rowe, 2014). New patients or users can use the functionality of Tele-health system by registering themselves to the portal of system (Dorsey Topol, 2016). After this they can provide the information related to their health issues they are facing and get medical advice from the doctors or health experts. Health information applications like Tele-health systems are mainly developed and designed to provide help to the patients on various diseases depending on symptoms. basic flows of events As provided in the use case diagram, the flow of information can be given as, Providing instruction: The doctor or the instructors who is at the remote site of the Tele-health systems, provides information related to the operation of the system (Antoniotti, Drude Rowe, 2014). By analyzing the provided information of the patients, doctors or instructors provides medical advice. Presenting slideshows: Instructors and technical experts can provide seminar or presentations to clear the doubts and problems related to the operation of the system by the users. Providing documentation: The document is provided by the instructor. This documentation can help the users of the system to solve and troubleshoot different problems (Adler-Milstein, Kvedar Bates, 2014). In addition to this, it also provides descriptive and in depth knowledge about the Tele-health system. Providing instruction videos: Instructions videos are provided to the doctors and other users of the system, so that the system can be used properly and efficiently to achieve better productivity from the system. Monitoring the functionality of the system : The functionality of the newly developed system is monitored by both technical experts and instructors or clinical staffs. The operational issues that are related to network are resolved by the technical experts (Polinski et al., 2016). On the other hand, problems related to the use of the system by patients are resolved by instructors or different clinical staffs. Alternative flows The Tele-health system consists of two alternative flows of data. These alternative methods are used in the communication process of newly implemented system. Process of solving problems and navigational communications are the component that acts as alternative flow of information (Gellis, Kenaley Have, 2014). Navigational communication system is used by the technical experts to communicate with users by using audio-visual aids. Sub flows Different sub flows like presentation is comprised in the health care system. These presentations are used to analyze and understand different documents and information provided by patients (Dorsey Topol, 2016). The large amount of data of patients are used and stored into the system for future reference. Key Scenario While using this newly implemented system, doctors checks different symptoms and diagnoses the disease of the patients (Adler-Milstein, Kvedar Bates, 2014). Next the clinical staff or doctor stores the information provided by the patients for further use. More this information can be used by other doctors if they need it at a later time. The database can be helpful for both doctors and patient when they are not in the same city but the patient needs some medical help that depends on his/her medical history (Antoniotti, Drude Rowe, 2014). This newly developed system will be helpful in this scenario to get the data about the patient in any medical emergency. Post conditions The system can be also used in different core set of physical measurements such as heart beat, blood pressure, weight of the patient (Polinski et al., 2016). After getting the information or medical help users must log out from their respective account so that the confidentiality of the personal information of the users can be maintained after using the system. Extension points The navigational communication component of the system can be used as the extension to the system. This component can be used as an extra communication channel between the patients and client (Antoniotti, Drude Rowe, 2014). Therefore it will help in more stabilized communication between the different parties using the system. It will also help in providing better client experience to the patients. Special requirements Since the Tele health system is mainly web based, therefore it is necessary to have high quality and compatible hardware/software tools (Gellis, Kenaley Have, 2014). The work stations must be fast enough to process and analyze data in real time so that the doctors or clinical staff can provide medical support to the patients. The user interface of the system must be user friendly so that a non-technical person can operate it and get medical help through it (Dorsey Topol, 2016). In addition to this, some specific security measures like use of firewalls in the network, authentication of users must be used in the system so that the users confidential data cannot be hacked or breached by intruders. Additional information about providing Documentation The clinical staff / doctor provide documentations to the system users or the patients. The documentations consist of the information about the different operations of the new Tele health system. This documentation will help the users to operate the system properly. The documentation helps the user by describing the steps in different measurements. Like how to measure blood pressure, heart beats etc. (Adler-Milstein, Kvedar Bates, 2014). This documentation helps in mitigating different risks related to the data confidentiality and availability to the patients/ doctor. As a result of improper use of the system may result into complicated health issues of the patient. Since the data is collected remotely by the system and the doctors provide medical advice to them depending on that information. Therefore incomplete and wrong information can lead to wrong treatment of the patient (Dorsey Topol, 2016). Therefore it is necessary for any system to provide documentation about the operatio ns and usability of the program. References Adler-Milstein, J., Kvedar, J., Bates, D. W. (2014). Telehealth among US hospitals: several factors, including state reimbursement and licensure policies, influence adoption.Health Affairs,33(2), 207-215. Antoniotti, N. M., Drude, K. P., Rowe, N. (2014). Private payer telehealth reimbursement in the United States.Telemedicine and e-Health,20(6), 539-543. Bursell, S. E., Zang, S., Keech, A. C., Jenkins, A. J. (2016). Evolving telehealth reimbursement in Australia.Internal Medicine Journal,46(8), 977-981. Cimperman, M., BrenÄ iÄ , M. M., Trkman, P., Stanonik, M. D. L. (2013). Older adults' perceptions of home telehealth services.Telemedicine and e-Health,19(10), 786-790. Dorsey, E. R., Topol, E. J. (2016). State of Telehealth.New England Journal of Medicine,375(2), 154-161. Edwards, L., Thomas, C., Gregory, A., Yardley, L., O'Cathain, A., Montgomery, A. A., Salisbury, C. (2014). Are people with chronic diseases interested in using telehealth? A cross-sectional postal survey.Journal of medical Internet research,16(5), e123. Gellis, Z. D., Kenaley, B. L., Have, T. T. (2014). Integrated telehealth care for chronic illness and depression in geriatric home care patients: The Integrated Telehealth Education and Activation of Mood (Ià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ TEAM) study.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,62(5), 889-895. Myers, K., Vander Stoep, A., Zhou, C., McCarty, C. A., Katon, W. (2015). Effectiveness of a telehealth service delivery model for treating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A community-based randomized controlled trial.Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry,54(4), 263-274. Polinski, J. M., Barker, T., Gagliano, N., Sussman, A., Brennan, T. A., Shrank, W. H. (2016). Patients satisfaction with and preference for telehealth visits.Journal of general internal medicine,31(3), 269-275. Rodriguez, B. B. (2014).The impact of telehealth on social services(Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Stanislaus). Sabesan, S., Allen, D., Loh, P. K., Caldwell, P., Mozer, R., Komesaroff, P. A., ... Shaheen, N. (2013). Practical aspects of telehealth: are my patients suited to telehealth?.Internal medicine journal,43(5), 581-584. Scanland, S. (2016). Managing Dementia Residents in Long-Term Care Using Telehealth.The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,24(3), S21. Smith, A. C., Caffery, L. J., Saunders, R., Bradford, N. K., Gray, L. C. (2014). Generating new telehealth services using a whole of community approach: experience in regional Queensland.Journal of telemedicine and telecare,20(7), 365-369. Weinstein, R. S., Lopez, A. M., Joseph, B. A., Erps, K. A., Holcomb, M., Barker, G. P., Krupinski, E. A. (2014). Telemedicine, telehealth, and mobile health applications that work: opportunities and barriers.The American journal of medicine,127(3), 183-187.

12 HUGE Job Interview Mistakes to Avoid

12 HUGE Job Interview Mistakes to Avoid We’ve talked a lot here about ways to put your best foot forward during an interview. You know to come prepared, to master those tough interview questions, to dress professionally, and to project confidence. But what about bad habits and off-putting behavior you might not realize sneak into these important interactions? Here’s a list of  mistakes  to read over before any interview- avoid the following and you’ll be well on your way to getting hired. 1.  You’re too nervousEven if you’re so nervous you could pee, try and keep your cool. Present yourself at your best and most confident, even if you have to fake it. And never ever say you’re nervous. Your interviewer won’t think you can handle the job if the interview has you that shaken up!2. All you can talk about is moneyJust like on a first few date with someone new, it’s not a good idea to harp on compensation. Salary negotiations are important, but can (and should) be do ne at the end of the interview process. Focus instead on figuring out whether you’re a good fit for the company and vice versa.3. You tell the interviewer about your weaknessesUnless they explicitly ask you the old â€Å"What’s your biggest weakness?† question or you’ve got a great story of overcoming and self-improvement, hold your tongue. Focus on your strengths instead.4.  You appear too desperateThe time for making demands comes later. Early on, you’re trying to show the company that you can give them what they need- not the other way around. Desperation often looks like weakness. And asking for too much too soon can make you seem high-maintenance.5. All you can talk about is the perksOkay, so they have a swimming pool in the lobby and Summer Fridays and an ice cream truck. Or a Cadillac insurance policy. Shut up about it. Your employer will think you’re only after the job for the benefits, not the work. You’ll get the perks whe n you get the job!6. You use negative keywordsStrike all words like â€Å"terrible,† â€Å"awful,† â€Å"no good,† â€Å"very bad,† etc. from your interview vocabulary. Don’t talk about how â€Å"horrible† your last job was, or even how much you â€Å"hate† the new season of True Detective. You’ll sound bitter, disloyal, and like someone who won’t be a lot of fun to be around.7. You use words that come off as dismissive or passive aggressiveThere’s no way to not feel like a person is concealing something when you ask her how she is and she says, â€Å"fine.† It’s vague at best, dismissive at worst, and just makes you look incapable of clear and honest communication. Come up with something better!8.  You accidentally swearJust don’t do it. Even if your interviewer does. There’s a time and a place for four-letter words and the one hour in which you’re trying to make your best fir st impression is not that time.9.  You apologize too much during the interviewNever use â€Å"sorry† as conversation filler or to try and sound more polite. It can make you seem passive, indecisive, or worse- passive aggressive- and you won’t project the confidence you need to get the job.10.  You reveal too many personal mattersConsider â€Å"divorce,† â€Å"pregnant,† â€Å"sick,† and other personal life issue words forbidden for the interview. Don’t give your interviewer any reason to question your job performance.11.  You  use too many filler keywordsFiller words like â€Å"actually† and â€Å"just† are often conversational tics that don’t communicate much. â€Å"Actually† can also seem quite alienating when used to correct something the interviewer said. Focus instead on speaking clearly and concisely and communicating precisely what you mean to say.12.  You asked about the vacation packagesAsking a bout time off  and vacation packages at your interview makes it look like you can’t wait to max out your sick days and miss as much work as you can get away with. Save these important questions for the follow-up interviews or your HR rep.

Free Essays on The Life And Famous Work Of Leonardo Da Vinci

The Life and Famous Works of Leonardo da Vinci 1452 – 1519 Leonardo da Vinci was born on Saturday, April 15, 1452, in the small hamlet of Anchiano not far from the Tuscan town of Vinci situated about twenty miles west of Florence. He was the illegitimate son of Master Piero da Vinci, who was a notary public. In the same year Leonardo was born, Ser Piero married his first wife. He didn’t marry Leonardos mother Caterina. She was probably the daughter of a farmer. (library.thinkquest.org/3044 adv_over.html 1)Local tradition locates his birthplace to a stone cottage that overlooks fields of olive groves. Leonardo da Vinci was a very talented man. Other than his mathematical achievements, he also became a great inventor, astronomer, scientist and of coarse a painter. Besides having the great talent and potential for painting, geometry was his main love for life. He received his education in his father’s house: the usual elementary education of reading, writing, and arithmetic. Then in 1467, when he was seventeen years old, he became an apprentice to Verrocchio; learning painting, sculpture, and attained technical and mechanical skills. In 1472 and the age of 20, "Leanardo di Ser Pierro da Vinci dipintor" was accepted into the painters’ guild in Florence, but he continued to work as an apprentice until 1477. In 1476, he was denounced by the Night Watch, but was acquitted of the charge of immoral conduct. Someone wrote a letter to the city governors and thus, started a rumor, telling of his homosexuality. His family, as well as Verrocchio, intervened and eventuall y the charges were dropped. It is thought that this is why he spent much of his life as a recluse. (www.loadstar.prometeus.net/leonardo/life.html 1) He returned to Florence in 1500. (Hart 96) The Mona Lisa The Mona Lisa is regarded as the most famous and well-known works in all of art history. Leonardo painted it while working on The Battle of ... Free Essays on The Life And Famous Work Of Leonardo Da Vinci Free Essays on The Life And Famous Work Of Leonardo Da Vinci The Life and Famous Works of Leonardo da Vinci 1452 – 1519 Leonardo da Vinci was born on Saturday, April 15, 1452, in the small hamlet of Anchiano not far from the Tuscan town of Vinci situated about twenty miles west of Florence. He was the illegitimate son of Master Piero da Vinci, who was a notary public. In the same year Leonardo was born, Ser Piero married his first wife. He didn’t marry Leonardos mother Caterina. She was probably the daughter of a farmer. (library.thinkquest.org/3044 adv_over.html 1)Local tradition locates his birthplace to a stone cottage that overlooks fields of olive groves. Leonardo da Vinci was a very talented man. Other than his mathematical achievements, he also became a great inventor, astronomer, scientist and of coarse a painter. Besides having the great talent and potential for painting, geometry was his main love for life. He received his education in his father’s house: the usual elementary education of reading, writing, and arithmetic. Then in 1467, when he was seventeen years old, he became an apprentice to Verrocchio; learning painting, sculpture, and attained technical and mechanical skills. In 1472 and the age of 20, "Leanardo di Ser Pierro da Vinci dipintor" was accepted into the painters’ guild in Florence, but he continued to work as an apprentice until 1477. In 1476, he was denounced by the Night Watch, but was acquitted of the charge of immoral conduct. Someone wrote a letter to the city governors and thus, started a rumor, telling of his homosexuality. His family, as well as Verrocchio, intervened and eventuall y the charges were dropped. It is thought that this is why he spent much of his life as a recluse. (www.loadstar.prometeus.net/leonardo/life.html 1) He returned to Florence in 1500. (Hart 96) The Mona Lisa The Mona Lisa is regarded as the most famous and well-known works in all of art history. Leonardo painted it while working on The Battle of ...

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Ethics - Essay Example Obligations as a Nurse Obligations to my profession and work as a nurse pertaining to this case include doing what is required to follow the government’s decision. As a nurse, it is no less than an ethical dilemma for me, where if I don’t follow the government’s decision, my status as a nurse is challenged and my job is at risk. On the other hand, if I follow the government’s decision and starve Terri to death, I have to fight against my own conscience as a human being, and I know this is a fight I am going to lose, and this may jeopardize my peace of life forever. Laws regarding Euthanasia Laws related to euthanasia vary from one country to another. Some countries consider euthanasia an illegitimate practice which is thus condemned, whereas other countries are more flexible and have specified certain conditions in which euthanasia can be given to a patient. There are also certain countries like Australia that had legalized euthanasia once but later change d the rule. â€Å"On 25 May 1995, the Northern Territory of Australia became the first place in the world to pass right to die legislation.  The Rights of the Terminally Ill Act  lasted 9 months before being overturned by the Australian Federal Parliament† (Exit International, 2012). Today, all territories and states of Australia deem euthanasia illegal. In the USA, there is a particular federal law related to assisted suicide or euthanasia. It is prohibited under general homicide laws in all the 50 states of the USA including the District of Columbia. Laws related to euthanasia are dealt with at the state level instead of the federal level in the USA. 36 states in the USA prohibit all kinds of assisted suicides, seven states in the USA prohibit them under common law, four states in the USA do not have specific laws related to euthanasia, whereas three states including Montana, Washington, and Oregon have rendered euthanasia legal (ProCon.org, n.d.). Stakeholders in the C ase The stakeholders in this scenario include the government, the people of America in general, Terri’s family in particular, and most importantly, Terri herself. Terri was starved to death upon the government’s decision without her or her family’s consent being involved in it. This did not only take Terri’s life, but also had traumatic effect on her family as well as all citizens of America who felt concerned for Terri and were disappointed by this decision of the government. The government is surely one of the stakeholders in this case since the decision making power is fundamentally assumed by the government and the decisions made by the government affect the lives of common people like Terri and her family. Summary of the Impacts Being a nurse is a big responsibility by all means. A nurse is essentially someone who assists people with activities meant to improve their health. The conventional image of a nurse is of a helping, caring, and loving indivi dual. Giving someone euthanasia is one of the extremely challenging tasks for a nurse since it fundamentally challenges the status of nurse as a caring individual and is also emotionally demanding. Our social and religious values guide us to take care of the well-being of all human beings, not some human beings. Euthanasia is against these social and religious values. How long a person lives is to be decided by God Almighty, not human beings. When humans take this decision in their own

Social Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social Performance - Essay Example The secondary stakeholders are those individuals who have indirect interest with the interests of the company, and they include inhabitants who live close to the company, and would therefore be affected if the organization decides to pollute their local rivers or staff who count on the company employing indigenous workers. These secondary stakeholders can also be primary stakeholders. For example, the pollution directed to the environment might affect those who live next to the company. The company employs others and they stock the company making them have direct interest with the company’s financial well-being (Keep, 2003). These stakeholders at times became so vocal, like when the staff members go against laying off workers and outsourcing other financial goals. Primary stakeholders of this company are at times known as market stakeholders. All these stakeholders are important for this organization as the primary stakeholders have an official, or prescribed relationship with the company (Keep, 2003). The secondary stakeholders have a continuous or an enduring interest in the company, but no direct financial contact. Even though the primary stakeholders develop a direct connection with the company, situations would imply that they should not continually receive the highest impact by an administrator controlling which specific strategic preference to choose (Keep, 2003). Stakeholders can influence an organization by expecting the company to stratify their needs. In addition to this, stakeholders offer the company with resources, and in turn expect a suitable profit on their savings. Workforces provide manual labor, skills and in exchange anticipate getting a corresponding income and trade satisfaction (Keep, 2003). Clients want value for capital invested and traders seek responsible buyers. Shareholders as managers should always work towards the interest of the company owners (Keep, 2003). Q2) Recommend ways the stakeholders can influence the destiny of your business. The company should also work in a manner that it treats all the stakeholders fairly. This is because the company appreciates varying views. The company should note that it cannot function without the stakeholders taking part in the decision making process. Therefore, it is important to involve the stakeholders in the process of making decision especially concerning matters to do with investments (Keep, 2003). The major influence of stakeholders will reflect on how they affect the planning of activities in the company, how they lead to uncertainty in the company plans, and the company needs depend on the stakeholders’ decisions. It is important to note that senior management of the company has a lot of influence than the environmental activists (Keep, 2003). The organization can make an effort to develop racial coherence to alter the social environment for workers of both the ethnic or social minority, as well as the majority within the company to ensure that th ey all work in harmony towards achieving their company goals. This company should always aim at involving all members in the process of decision making so that everyone involved feels part of the organization (Keep, 2003). The organization should always provide accommodating work conditions, relief programs for workers, leave for parents, and other attempts that offer workers leisure time to reduce stress and enhance productivity

Comprehending English text

Comprehending English text CHAPTER 1 1.0 Introduction Reading ability is a very important element in a higher education level. Since English has become the lingua franca or the language of all regions, students of a higher education as in the tertiary level must be able to read and comprehend English text. Reading is a vital for an individual especially students of a higher education for many reasons. Reading is done by most people in order to obtain information, to make decision or for pleasure. Professionals too read to expand their knowledge and skills. Hence, the ability to read well is a valuable asset because any act either education professional or less need at least some reading ability. Furthermore, tremendous quantity of reading material makes the reading possible. However, if an individual can read but could not understand the meaning of what he has read, then the reading served no purpose to him. In fact, he will face a lot of problem in order to acquire information. Since reading skill plays a major role in education, great emphasis is given towards this skill started from the early school. Knowledge in most cases is imparted through printed material. Therefore, in order to have an effective teaching learning atmosphere, the students should be able to read and comprehend English text. Same goes when the students are in the higher education level, reading is still one most important skill to be mastered as there are thousands of education source are written in English. Reading is an active mental process which deals with interaction between readers and the text. A good reader is hypothesized as who are not only able to comprehend the text as a whole but are also who are able to employ various skills such as scanning, skimming, locating information, predicting, understanding, sequencing and interfering while comprehending the text. Weak readers on the other hand may only read the text where they can only understand the text at the surface level. 1.1 Background Of The Problem Difficulties in comprehending English text within Malaysian students have occurred so many years ago. In order for them to excel in the higher education level as in the tertiary level depends very much on their ability to read and comprehend text because reading is a fundamental asset for every individual. Brunan W.K (1980) for instant defines reading as a two way interaction in which information is exchange between the reader and the author. From many researches done, it shows that there are a lot of difficulties faced by Malaysian students and also by the native speakers in comprehending English text. This happen caused by several factors or problems that contribute to the difficulty of comprehending text such as low vocabularies, different social background knowledge, sentence length and also the term used. Based on my own experience, I am facing with students who are having this kind of problem, difficulties in comprehending English text. This happen when they are given a text written in English such as journals by their lecturer as the material was the source of the subject matter, they rather ask me or some students who are good in English to translate the text into Malay language. This shows that they are having problem in comprehending English text. I do believe that they can read but what makes them refuse to read is because they cant understand or comprehend the text. 1.2 Problem Statement This problem arises when the students read English text or materials but could not be able to comprehend them. They simply could not get the essence or the main idea of the writing which would be very problematic when it comes to the higher education level. From my own observation which is concern with some UPSI students of different courses such as Sport science, Science, Business Study and Counseling, it was initiated that they are having problem in comprehending English text even though most of the references regarding the courses are most found in English language. As a result of having problem in comprehending English text, they face other difficulties when carrying out assignments or presentations. In order for them to understand and comprehend the text, they need the text to be translated into Malay Language as Malay language is their first language. People with a good language of English will be chosen as their translator. Hence their English skill will never develop. This is a very serious matter because they could not comprehend English text. It means that they are having problem with their reading skills. This study is necessary to find the difficulties faced by the students of various courses studying in a tertiary level at Sultan Idris Education University and it is hoped that this study will help the teachers as well as the students of how to handle these difficulties. 1.3 Purpose of The Study The purpose of this study is to investigate the difficulties faced by the students of various courses studying in a tertiary level at Sultan Idris Education University in comprehending English text. This is because being able to understand English text is necessary since English language is concerned to be the language used in most of the reference books. This study will also help teachers to know what are the difficulties that actually faced by the students and it is hoped that this difficulties can be eased to enhance students reading ability. I will analyze and look what are the problems faced by the students and what strategies that they do in order to overcome that problem. From the data gained, some suggestions will be added in contributing to the diminution of the problem. 1.4 Research Questions There are three questions that need to be answered as a guide throughout the study as well as a means for the data collection. The research questions are as follows: What are the main problems faced by the students in comprehending English text? What strategies they use to understand the English text? How do these difficulties effect on their study? 1.5 Theoretical Framework In this study, I am using two (2) theories that match the topic of difficulties in reading comprehension. The first theory is the schema theory which is based on the assumption that the readers prior knowledge directly impacts new learning situations. In schema theory the concept of Schema has been used to understand the major factor that affecting comprehension process. The concept of schema comprising of knowledge about concept, concepts: objects and the relationships they have with other objects, situations, events, sequences of events, actions, and sequences of actions. The schema theory is relevant to this study as the study investigate the difficulties faced by students in comprehending English reading text. In this context the readers knowledge about the topic is to be considered as the existed prior knowledge of the reader. According to the theory the existed prior knowledge on their first language (L1) will be used in comprehending reading text in their second language (L2) which is English. The second theory that will be used in this study is interactive approach by Grabe (1991). According to Grabe in his interactive approach model, interaction occurred between the reader and the text whereby the reader constructs meaning based partly on the knowledge drawn from the text and partly from the existing background knowledge that the reader has. This theory is suitable for the study as the study was aimed to investigate how students deal with the reading difficulties that they encounter. 1.6 Significance of the Study This study is beneficial to certain group of people because it might help them in some aspect of learning and teaching. This study is relevant as a guide for teachers in school to be prepared for some possibilities they might face in teaching their students. Besides that, this study will also give brief suggestions to the students on how they can deal with such a problem in reading. It is hope that from this study, the students will be much aware about their weaknesses and try to overcome and improve the weaknesses. University students are the most targeted group to view this study as it provides them with suggestions regarding problems in reading English text. The suggestion might help them to become a better reader and excel in their field. 1.7 Limitation of the Study In this study, there are several limitations that might occur. In order to get the data, I will use two methods. Those methods involve quantitative and qualitative design. For the quantitative design, I am going to distribute questionnaires for them to answer. The qualitative design on the other hand involves interviewing some respondent and it will be carried out verbally. I might have problem regarding data collection. Firstly, the data gathered from the questionnaires might not be as perfect as I wanted them to be. This is simply because the subjects are students of other courses that I am not familiar with. There is a tendency that they might simply answer the questionnaire without really focusing on the issue. This is something that usual to happen when questionnaires are being distributed. Besides that, I might have to face the risk that the questionnaires returned to me will not be as the same number as I have distributed them at the first place. Another limitation that I might face is from the interview. The respondent might not be able to communicate in English very well. As for that, a mixture of Malay language and English will be use in the interview. The idea is to get the information regarding the problem.